Promoter Methylation Status of WNT2 in Placenta from Patients with Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a serious multisystem disorder of human gestation, affecting up to 10% of pregnant women worldwide, and results in maternal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression pattern and methylation status of the promoter of the WNT2 gene in placentas from patients with preeclampsia and to evaluate the potential role of the WNT2 pathway in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR) was used to determine the WNT2 gene expression level. Western blot analysis was used to identify alterations in wnt2 protein expression. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression levels of the WNT2 gene were reduced in placentas from patients with preeclampsia when compared with placentas from healthy women. The average methylation level of the promoter of the WNT2 gene was elevated in the placentas from patients with preeclampsia compared with the controls placentas from healthy women. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study have shown that molecular mechanisms, including aberrant activation of the WNT2 gene signaling pathway, may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Promoter hypermethylation and reduced expression of the WNT2 gene requires further study to determine a potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of preeclampsia.